Okeedokee, these are my thoughts on the transition from human to werewolf after getting bitten.
#1- The bite wound would become slightly infected at first, the virus trying to redesign the genetic material of the cells in the immediate area. This would most likely continue for the first two to three days as the virus will be intially weak at this time (the virus gets stronger as the moon gets fuller so, theoretically, as the moon begins to grow smaller, it would become weaker).
#2- Over the next few days, the wound would heal considerably fast, the infected cells in the immediate area having an already accelarated metabolism. They may exhibit some sickly characteristic as their body tries to reject the virus, but this "cold" that the person most likely thinks they will have will pass quickly as it slowly lessens in intensity.
#3- After the wound is completely healed, the person would, for a certain period of time, experience no physiological abnormalities as they go through a period where the weakened form of the virus spreads throughout the body. The virus at this point would be almost completely dormant, allowing it to pass throught the body passively without any immunological resistance.
#4- Somewhere around midmonth (this scenario occuring to someone bit during the full monn and the change taking a month), the person would begin to again become sickly as the virus, now waking up from it's dormancy, begins to infect every area in the body. This would occur because, in it's dormancy, it was allowed to be spread throughout the entire body.
#4- The intensity of the sickness would begin to lessen only after the virus has fully infected and reformated the lymphatic system, which would cause it to no longer try to defend itself from the virus.
#5- The virus, now with no physiological resistance, would be allowed to fully spread and genetically reformat the body. It will try to first get control of the endocrine system, which controls hormones. This would give it dominance over the rest of the body, allowing it to secrete new hormones to physically alter the body.
#6- This is the point where the person would begin to notice weird changes and tendencies. As the moon grows fuller, the virus will grow stronger, allowing a faster takeover of the remaining uninfected body systems. The person might begin to notice some awkward hair growth as well as an urge for protein (mostly noticably seen in an urge for red meat). A slightly bipolar attitude would develop as the virus begins a neurological takeover, changing the slightly primate-like instincts to a more lupine form. They may (I'm split on the issue of whether or not human form werewolves have a tail, but this is the point where it would most likely develop) begin to notice an abnormal growth in their tailbone region as at first a bump may appear there. Their eyes may also at this point begin to develop a more golden hue, depending on the orginal eye color of the person. The person's senses would also begin to heighten to a noticable level, as well as their nails possibly elongating to become thicker and more claw-like.
#7- The final week before the full moon, the virus will be almost full blown, the person (unless they are really ingnorant and really stupid) most likely in a state of confusion at the physiological changes. The tail will have begun to grow out, resembling an only slightly furry rat tail. As the week progresses, the body will go through slight spasms as it attemps to change unsuccessfully. The spasms will occur more and more often as the final week progresses, each time growing in intensity and progressing further along the change (the furthest along these premature changes will reach are possibly just large bone expansions, muscle mass growth, and maybe the shifting of the ears to become more wolf like, but these changes will immediately die out and reverse, the person not even knowing what changed unless they are looking in a mirror when the spasm occurs).
#8- The actual day of the full moon, they will be most likely be very sore and have several episodes of migranes, feeling very weak atthe same time. This weakness will occur as their body tries to conserve energy for the final complete change. They will not experience any spasms that day, giving them a flase sense of security and well being (for the most part cause they may still have a short, furry, wolf-like tail).
#9- As the full moon rises, they will feel begin to feel anxious and unable to calm down. A mass hunger will begin to be felt, and despite what they may eat to try to satisfy it, it will actually grow in intensity.
#10- When the full moon finally reaches it's peak, the point where it is in middle of the sky, the final change will officially begin.
There will most likely be excruciating pain this first time, because even though the body will have been preparing for this change, it will have not had any initial experience. The change will eventually become almost painless as both the body becomes used to the change as well as the person learns to control it.
This is my version of the change in a person that is bitten. After the first initial change on the night of the full moon, the person will change back as soon as the moon disappears over the horizon.
As I said before, as they gain more experience with the change, it will become less painful and easier to control. Those who learn control over it will be able change both partially and (depending on the level of experience) maybe even fully on noght where there is no full moon. This will be easier depending on how close the moon is to being full. I'm not completely sure as to whether or not even one who is able to control it will be able to change on a night where there is no full moon, so as to that I have no idea.
I know the question was raised as to what would happen to someone not bit on a full moon, and I beleive I have an answer to that. They would (depending on the time of month they were bit) experience the same steps I explained above, to some variation. Some things may occur at different time periods and to different levels of intensity. The events covered for a month would still occur (as I said before with some variation) but in a shorter period of time. Although, I believe the cut off date to change at either the upcoming full moon or the next full moon (meaning at what time of the month you got bit and which full moon you will change), will most likely be just a little tiny bit over a week before the full moon, give or take a day or two.
Whew, that was a long explaination. Sorry if I got into too much detail, I was a little over enthusiastic. This sort of thing fascinates me and sometimes I can a little too into it. But at least I have fun doing it!